imported>Doug Williamson |
imported>Doug Williamson |
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| (EAR).
| | ''Cash management - short term investment.'' |
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| 1.
| | Operating cash is cash typically used for daily operating needs. |
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| A quoting convention under which interest at the quoted rate is calculated and added to the principal annually.
| | Contrasted with reserve cash and strategic cash. |
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| EAR is the most usual conventional quotation basis for instruments with maturities of greater than one year.
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| | :<span style="color:#4B0082">'''''Cash segmentation policy - operating cash'''''</span> |
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| 2.
| | :Operating cash: |
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| A conventional measure which expresses the returns on different instruments on a comparable basis.
| | :*May be subject to unforeseen volatility |
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| The EAR basis of comparison is the equivalent rate of interest paid and compounded annually, which would give the same all-in rate of return as the instrument under review.
| | :*Requires preservation of principal |
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| | :*Same day liquidity needed |
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| '''Conversion formulae'''
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| r = R / n
| | :''Cash investing in a new world - Treasurer's Wiki'' |
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| Where:
| | == See also == |
| | * [[Cash investing in a new world]] |
| | * [[Demand]] |
| | * [[Liquid market]] |
| | * [[Liquidity]] |
| | * [[Market ]] |
| | * [[Money market]] |
| | * [[Reserve cash]] |
| | * [[Segmentation]] |
| | * [[Strategic cash]] |
| | * [[Volatility]] |
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| r = periodic interest rate or yield
| | [[Category:The_business_context]] |
| | | [[Category:Identify_and_assess_risks]] |
| R = nominal annual rate
| | [[Category:Manage_risks]] |
| | | [[Category:Risk_frameworks]] |
| n = number of times the period fits into a conventional year
| | [[Category:Risk_reporting]] |
| | | [[Category:Cash_management]] |
| | | [[Category:Financial_products_and_markets]] |
| | | [[Category:Liquidity_management]] |
| EAR = (1 + r)<sup>n</sup> - 1
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| Where:
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| EAR = effective annual rate or yield
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| r = periodic interest rate or yield, as before
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| n = number of times the period fits into a calendar year
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| '''Example 1'''
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| GBP overnight interest is conventionally quoted on a simple interest basis for a 365 day year.
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| So GBP overnight interest quoted at R = 5.11% means:
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| (i)
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| Interest of:
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| r = R / n
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| r = 5.11% / 365
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| r = 0.014% is paid per day.
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| (ii)
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| The ''equivalent'' effective annual rate is:
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| EAR = (1 + r)<sup>n</sup> - 1
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| EAR = 1.00014<sup>365</sup> - 1
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| EAR = '''5.2424%'''.
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| '''Example 2'''
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| GBP semi-annual interest is conventionally quoted on a simple interest basis for half-years, using half-years to calculate interest for each period of six months, rather than an exact daycount.
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| So GBP semi-annual interest quoted at R = 5.00% means:
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| (i)
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| Interest of:
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| r = R / n
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| r = 5.00 / 2
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| r = 2.50% is paid per six months.
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| (ii)
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| The ''equivalent'' effective annual rate is:
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| EAR = (1 + r)<sup>n</sup> - 1
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| EAR = 1.025<sup>2</sup> - 1
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| EAR = '''5.0625%'''.
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| '''Example 3'''
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| USD overnight interest is conventionally quoted on a simple interest basis for a 360 day year.
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| So USD overnight interest quoted at R = 5.04% means:
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| (i)
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| Interest of:
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| r = R / n
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| r = 5.04% / 360
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| r = 0.014% is paid per day.
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| (ii)
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| The ''equivalent'' effective annual rate is:
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| EAR = (1 + r)<sup>n</sup> - 1
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| EAR = 1.00014<sup>365</sup> - 1
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| EAR = '''5.2424%'''.
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| == See also ==
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| * [[Annual effective rate]]
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| * [[Annual effective yield]]
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| * [[Annual percentage rate]]
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| * [[Capital market]]
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| * [[Continuously compounded rate of return]]
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| * [[Effective annual yield]]
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| * [[Equivalent Annual Rate]]
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| * [[LIBOR]]
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| * [[Nominal annual rate]]
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| * [[Periodic discount rate]]
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| * [[Periodic rate of interest]]
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| * [[Periodic yield]]
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| * [[Real]]
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| * [[Return]]
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| * [[Semi-annual rate]]
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