Net present value: Difference between revisions

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imported>Doug Williamson
(Note expressly that the negatives are netted against the positives.)
imported>Doug Williamson
(Standardise calculation presentation.)
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NPV = -$100m +$109.09m  
NPV = -$100m + $109.09m  


= +$9.09m
= +$9.09m

Revision as of 15:35, 2 March 2016

(NPV).

1.

The total present value of all of the cash flows of a proposal - both positive and negative - netting off negative present values against positive ones.

For example, the expected future cash inflows from an investment project LESS the initial capital investment outflow at Time 0.


Example

A project requires an investment today of $100m, with $120m being receivable one year from now.

The cost of capital (r) is 10% per annum.


The NPV of the project is calculated as follows:


PV of Time 0 outflow $100m

= $(100m)


PV of Time 1 inflow $120m

= $120m x 1.1-1

= $109.09m


NPV = -$100m + $109.09m

= +$9.09m


2.

In simple Net Present Value analysis the decision rule would be that:

(1) All positive NPV opportunities should be accepted.

(2) All negative NPV opportunities should be rejected.


So the project in the example above would be accepted - on this basis - because its NPV is positive, namely +$9.09m.


However this assumes the unlimited availability of further capital with no increase in the cost of capital.

A more refined decision rule is that:

(1) All negative NPV opportunities should still be rejected; while

(2) All positive NPV opportunities remain eligible for further consideration (rather than automatically being accepted).


See also