European Freight Trades Association and Net present value: Difference between pages
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( | (NPV). | ||
'''1.''' | |||
The total present value of all of the cash flows of a proposal - both positive and negative. | |||
For example, the expected future cash inflows from an investment project LESS the initial capital investment outflow at Time 0. | |||
'''''Example''''' | |||
For example, a project requires an investment today of $100m, with $120m being receivable one year from now. | |||
The cost of capital (r) is 10% per annum. | |||
The NPV of the project is calculated as follows: | |||
PV of Time 0 outflow $100m | |||
= $(100m) | |||
PV of Time 1 inflow $120m = $120m x 1.1<sup>-1</sup> | |||
= $109.09m | |||
NPV = -$100m +$109.09m | |||
= '''+$9.09m''' | |||
'''2.''' | |||
In simple ''Net Present Value analysis'' the decision rule would be that: | |||
(1) All positive NPV opportunities should be accepted. | |||
(2) All negative NPV opportunities should be rejected. | |||
So the project in the example above would be accepted - on this basis - because its NPV is positive, namely +$9.09m. | |||
However this assumes the unlimited availability of further capital with no increase in the cost of capital. | |||
A more refined decision rule is that all negative NPV opportunities should still be rejected while all positive NPV opportunities remain eligible for further consideration (rather than automatically being accepted). | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[ | * [[Capital rationing]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Discounted cash flow]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Internal rate of return]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Investment appraisal]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Present value]] | ||
* [[Residual theory]] | |||
[[ | |||
Revision as of 16:20, 11 June 2013
(NPV).
1.
The total present value of all of the cash flows of a proposal - both positive and negative.
For example, the expected future cash inflows from an investment project LESS the initial capital investment outflow at Time 0.
Example
For example, a project requires an investment today of $100m, with $120m being receivable one year from now.
The cost of capital (r) is 10% per annum.
The NPV of the project is calculated as follows:
PV of Time 0 outflow $100m
= $(100m)
PV of Time 1 inflow $120m = $120m x 1.1-1
= $109.09m
NPV = -$100m +$109.09m
= +$9.09m
2.
In simple Net Present Value analysis the decision rule would be that:
(1) All positive NPV opportunities should be accepted.
(2) All negative NPV opportunities should be rejected.
So the project in the example above would be accepted - on this basis - because its NPV is positive, namely +$9.09m.
However this assumes the unlimited availability of further capital with no increase in the cost of capital.
A more refined decision rule is that all negative NPV opportunities should still be rejected while all positive NPV opportunities remain eligible for further consideration (rather than automatically being accepted).
