...es. This is also one of the preferred solutions that is currently used for the ongoing management of balances across a number of different currencies. ...r marketing, many corporate treasurers are rightly asking their banks what the future of pooling looks like. ...

...counter-cyclical role, which helped to maintain global trade flows during the recent financial crisis. ...vidual transactions, especially for projects in developing countries where the availability of official support is decisive in allowing projects and their ...

...ury must come out of its silo and manage financial risks in the context of the firm. Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) facilitates this by taking an integr Consider the following examples: ...

The independent Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) carries ou The national currency of Switzerland is the Swiss Franc (CHF). ...

...ssigned). Despite this, the cost for obtaining a credit rating is borne by the company or issuer. ...way from traditional bank financing and towards bond finance. As a result, the importance of achieving a strong credit rating is relevant for a wider audi ...

...n the form of International Financial Reporting Standards, as developed by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). ==IFRS and the IASB – some background== ...

...on a number of emerging currency issues. The poll demonstrated that 76% of the audience identified higher growth rates as a driving factor for their strat ...cal and cultural considerations (identified as a key risk factor by 81% of the respondents) as well as time zone and cultural differences. Managing foreig ...

...nancial Reporting Standards [http://www.ifrs.org (IFRS)], as developed by the [[International Accounting Standards Board]]. ==IFRS and the IASB – some background== ...

...entary we focus on IR in the context of the capital markets, as opposed to the fundraising function within private equity and hedge funds. ==The history of Investor Relations== ...

...d practices and thus make the discussion of relevance to treasurers across the globe. ...scussion of gender mix and a 10-yearly process respectively now set out in the code. ...

...For detail on equity financing in specific jurisdictions, please refer to the relevant Country Guides. ...ilities. The equity capital in a company in liquidation is the property of the holders of ordinary shares hence these shares are often referred to as equi ...

...rvises the 120 “most significant” banks within each eurozone member state. The ECB is responsible for supervisory reviews, on-site inspections and investi ...l terms, enjoys full autonomy as far as monetary policy is concerned, with the main objective of such policy being price stability. ...

...and to enable themselves to be more flexible. Many have taken advantage of the low interest rate environment and pre-funded their borrowing needs. However ...y change in the broader financial markets could lead to a direct impact in the cash market. For example, banks are increasingly turning away cash balances ...

...ruments and related mechanisms for cross border payments. It also looks at the types of payment systems employed to process and settle domestic payments a ...olumes of FPS in the UK now exceed one billion per annum; more than double the annual volumes of cheques issued. ...

...al statements present the cumulative effect of hedging which may stabilise the entity’s net assets, an accounting mismatch, and consequently volatility ...) with losses and gains on the exposures hedged (“hedged items”). However, the restrictive hedge accounting rules of IAS 39 have led to some companies not ...