Nominal annual rate: Difference between revisions
imported>Doug Williamson (Link with Nominal annual yield page.) |
imported>Doug Williamson (Layout.) |
||
| (13 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
The rate of return - or cost of borrowing - ''per | The rate of return - or cost of borrowing - ''per [[conventional year]]'' named or quoted in a market, under the quoting convention for the given market. | ||
Market quotations are usually given per annum, and for this reason the term ''nominal rate'' is sometimes used interchangeably with nominal annual rate. | |||
Different conventional market bases for expressing nominal annual rates have arisen in different markets over time. | |||
<span style="color:#4B0082">'''Example 1'''</span> | Often this was originally for local or domestic convenience, but it can lead to difficulties of comparability between different markets. | ||
For this reason it is essential to know and understand the basis on which any given nominal annual rate is being quoted. | |||
It is always best to be explicit about [[day count conventions| conventions]] when dealing, rather than assuming and hoping for the best. | |||
==Illustration== | |||
Most rates in wholesale financial markets are quoted as nominal annual rates. | |||
<span style="color:#4B0082">'''Example 1: Overnight interest'''</span> | |||
GBP overnight interest payable at the periodic rate of 0.014% per day, would conventionally be quoted on a nominal annual basis as: | GBP overnight interest payable at the periodic rate of 0.014% per day, would conventionally be quoted on a nominal annual basis as: | ||
| Line 16: | Line 29: | ||
==Other names for Nominal annual rates== | |||
The nominal annual rate is sometimes also known as a 'quoted rate', 'market rate, or 'nominal rate'. | The nominal annual rate is sometimes also known as a 'quoted rate', 'market rate, or 'nominal rate'. | ||
The nominal annual rate should not be confused with the effective annual rate, which is usually different. | The nominal annual rate should not be confused with the [[effective annual rate]], which is usually different. | ||
==Notation== | |||
Nominal annual interest rates and yields are often denoted by 'R'. | Nominal annual interest rates and yields are often denoted by 'R'. | ||
| Line 28: | Line 42: | ||
==Conversion== | |||
Using the notation above: | Using the notation above: | ||
| Line 39: | Line 53: | ||
====To convert from a periodic rate (r) to a nominal annual rate (R)==== | |||
R = r x n | R = r x n | ||
''' | <span style="color:#4B0082">'''Example 2: Calculating the nominal annual rate'''</span> | ||
The periodic rate for GBP interest is 0.01% per day. | |||
Calculate the nominal annual rate. | |||
R = r x 365 | |||
= 0.01% x 365 | |||
= 3.65% | |||
= | ====To convert from a nominal annual rate (R) to a periodic rate (r)==== | ||
r = R / n | |||
<span style="color:#4B0082">'''Example 3'''</span> | <span style="color:#4B0082">'''Example 3: Calculating periodic rate'''</span> | ||
GBP interest is quoted at a nominal annual rate of 5.11% for daily interest calculation. | |||
Calculate the | Calculate the periodic rate per day. | ||
R | r = R / n | ||
= | = 5.11% / 365 | ||
= | = 0.014% | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[ACT/365 fixed]] | |||
* [[Compound]] | |||
* [[Continuously compounded rate of return]] | * [[Continuously compounded rate of return]] | ||
* [[Coupon rate]] | * [[Coupon rate]] | ||
| Line 84: | Line 99: | ||
* [[Day count conventions]] | * [[Day count conventions]] | ||
* [[Effective annual rate]] | * [[Effective annual rate]] | ||
* [[Forward yield]] | |||
* [[Money market]] | * [[Money market]] | ||
* [[Nominal]] | * [[Nominal]] | ||
* [[Nominal annual yield]] | |||
* [[Nominal rate]] | |||
* [[Periodic discount rate]] | * [[Periodic discount rate]] | ||
* [[Periodic rate of interest]] | * [[Periodic rate of interest]] | ||
* [[Periodic yield]] | * [[Periodic yield]] | ||
* [[Quarterly rate]] | * [[Quarterly rate]] | ||
* [[Rate of return]] | |||
* [[Semi-annual rate]] | * [[Semi-annual rate]] | ||
[[Category:Manage_risks]] | [[Category:Manage_risks]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:16, 4 March 2022
The rate of return - or cost of borrowing - per conventional year named or quoted in a market, under the quoting convention for the given market.
Market quotations are usually given per annum, and for this reason the term nominal rate is sometimes used interchangeably with nominal annual rate.
Different conventional market bases for expressing nominal annual rates have arisen in different markets over time.
Often this was originally for local or domestic convenience, but it can lead to difficulties of comparability between different markets.
For this reason it is essential to know and understand the basis on which any given nominal annual rate is being quoted.
It is always best to be explicit about conventions when dealing, rather than assuming and hoping for the best.
Illustration
Most rates in wholesale financial markets are quoted as nominal annual rates.
Example 1: Overnight interest
GBP overnight interest payable at the periodic rate of 0.014% per day, would conventionally be quoted on a nominal annual basis as:
= number of times the period fits into a conventional year x periodic rate
= 365 x 0.014%
= 5.11%.
Other names for Nominal annual rates
The nominal annual rate is sometimes also known as a 'quoted rate', 'market rate, or 'nominal rate'.
The nominal annual rate should not be confused with the effective annual rate, which is usually different.
Notation
Nominal annual interest rates and yields are often denoted by 'R'.
This distinguishes them from periodic interest rates and yields (r), and from effective annual rates (EAR).
Conversion
Using the notation above:
R = nominal annual interest rate or yield
r = periodic interest rate or yield
n = number of times the period fits into a conventional year
To convert from a periodic rate (r) to a nominal annual rate (R)
R = r x n
Example 2: Calculating the nominal annual rate
The periodic rate for GBP interest is 0.01% per day.
Calculate the nominal annual rate.
R = r x 365
= 0.01% x 365
= 3.65%
To convert from a nominal annual rate (R) to a periodic rate (r)
r = R / n
Example 3: Calculating periodic rate
GBP interest is quoted at a nominal annual rate of 5.11% for daily interest calculation.
Calculate the periodic rate per day.
r = R / n
= 5.11% / 365
= 0.014%
See also
- ACT/365 fixed
- Compound
- Continuously compounded rate of return
- Coupon rate
- Daily rate
- Day count conventions
- Effective annual rate
- Forward yield
- Money market
- Nominal
- Nominal annual yield
- Nominal rate
- Periodic discount rate
- Periodic rate of interest
- Periodic yield
- Quarterly rate
- Rate of return
- Semi-annual rate
